Pakistan

The Pashtuns, one of Pakistan's most prominent ethnic groups, have long held a vital role in the country’s state institutions and national identity.

In the new global geopolitical formatting, Russia – as the Heartland according to classical geopolitics – continues to play the central role in writing the new multipolar routes. The new international cooperation in the Eurasian key is confronted with the strategic positioning of Turkey, where the key turning point is, again, the question of effective opposition to the U.S. strategy in the region.

On February 24, 2022, Russia was forced to launch a special military operation (SMO) to denazify and demilitarize Ukraine. The SMO had not only geopolitical, military and ethical prerequisites. In order to understand the significance of the SMO, it should be viewed in the larger context of Russian culture, Russian history, and Russian philosophy, which has its own tradition of reflection on war.

The world has been witnessing transformed geopolitical turn. The wars are no more priority of the major powers.