Chinese civilization

During the eighteenth century, China and India held much of the world’s wealth. While India was under British influence, China was not. China was governed by an extraordinary emperor, the grandson of an equally exceptional grandfather. Emperor Qianlong (Ch’ien Lung) led the Celestial Empire for sixty years, from 1736 to 1796, belonging to the Manchu dynasty that succeeded the Ming, a Han Chinese dynasty. Qianlong’s grandfather, Kangxi (1654–1723), ruled for 61 years, demonstrating that lasting power is a guarantee of good governance and fruitful continuity.

On the eve of Chinese President Xi Jinpin’s visit to Russia on 19 March, I was interviewed by Russia Today, and I was asked how I viewed the Western heavy-handed sanctions against Russia, I said that Russia has been isolated by the West, and the West has been isolated by the rest. Why so? the reason is simple: while Russia’s military operation in Ukraine is controversial, one of Russia’s professed objectives is to change the multipolar world order led by the USA into a multipolar world order, and this objective is widely supported or at least understood by the non- Western world.

The Confucian approach is based on the idea that Heaven has an absolute existence. Heaven is an impersonal absolute, but a human being can also have access to this pulse of Being