Iran's Construction of Wall Along Afghan Border: A Proactive Security Measure

The construction of barrier along the border between Iran and Afghanistan is an important contribution that the country is making to improving its security and protection of its territorial integrity. This measure which is expected to take up to three years to complete also comes in the same light of the Pakistan border security. As the situation in the region becomes more unpredictable and the continued murderous acts of terrorisms originating from Afghan soil, Iran’s position shows readiness to confront these problems squarely.

The Iran-Afghanistan border measures 951 kilometers which is very vulnerable to smuggling, illicit border crossing and – most dangerously – infiltration by terrorists. Afghanistan has recently become the ground for the emergence of ISIS-Khorasan and Taliban, who, despite internal conflicts, have maintained a dangerous climate. This has destabilized the Afghan government to an extent that it cannot effectively govern its territory of control that Iran is now at risk of security threats. That is why Iran starts constructing walls – these measures are designed to prevent terrorist acts and other prohibited activities.

This decision is not an effort to set up a wall to merely defend itself from external aggression but it is an attempt to save the Iranian people from the disease of terrorism. This decision was much needed since Insurgents and drug traders are existing in Afghanistan and every year Iran faces many problems from those opposes who cross through this open border with Afghanistan. Such difficulties have worsened due to the emergence of the militant groups in Afghanistan especially since the withdrawal of the United States from Afghanistan in 2021 and especially the recent takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban. In response, Iran has realized that it has to act to extricate itself from this vulnerability by enhancing the borders, thus getting a perimeter which will in one way or another make it virtually hard for the terrorists to penetrate the Iranian borders.

In Iranian view the purpose construction of the wall is not only to stop security threats at the border but also to consolidate sovereignty over its territory seeing the regional volatility. The failure to reduce militant activities within the country means that the bordered neighborly states have no much choice other than strengthening their borders. In constructing this wall, Iran is in fact acting circumventive taking all steps that would prevent the volatility in Afghanistan from affecting the nation. This move is consistent with a general global standard for nations to protect their boundaries because exterior danger is apparent.

Furthermore, construction of the wall shows Iran’s priorities for stability and security in the region. Thus, Iran seeks not only its own security but also a stronger security for broader region pursuing by creating a secure border. Hence, finding out that Iran is becoming even more secure with strongly fortified borders, means that it is poised to be a very constructive force in future diplomacy in that region of the world. As such, the wall can be viewed as an early attempt to build the foundation for a culture accommodating meaningful discourse on the organization’s interests and goals with respect to regional security. Even though the walls may make a division on one level, they might also be used when specifying the border that will result in a more stable state of relations between countries.

The decision also relates to the experience of the countries that have the same threats to security, primarily, Pakistan. Pakistan has been constructing a fence along its own border with Afghanistan to combat the same issues that Iran is now addressing: terrorism through borders - narrating and infringement of border to smuggling commodities and individuals not authorized. Some critics of fence constructed by Pakistan say that it will be bad for local people and will further strain relations between Afghanistan and its neighbors. However, similar actions taken by Iran argue for being able to identify that regional powers are aware of increasing insecurity threatening Afghanistan. With two vital players in the area, Iran and Pakistan, currently locking their house in an effort to strengthen their borders the security situation coming out of Afghanistan should be of great concern.

While scholars highly criticized barriers and fences saying that such infrastructures worsen relations and interfere with the diplomatic procedures, the case of Iran’s wall might be a crucial phase towards the safeguarding of a nation. While the Afghan government is losing its authority over the fundamentalists and more and more militant groups use Afghan territory to stage attacks, Iran cannot sit idle. It is for this reason its border wall is a reasonable action reacting to a rising insecurity that threatens to upset not only Iran but the region as well.

Moreover, it enables Iran to breathe and continue with internal reform and economic development without the added pressure of having terrorist cell’s penetrate the country’s borders. Where the conditions have so frequently been chaotic, it can be the case that a stable border provides a measure of predictability to relationships that is crucial towards a nation’s ability to prosper. Defending this wall, Iran is protecting itself and its citizens and thus conveying the message to its neighbors that threats originating from the other side of the border are of great concern and should be addressed.